Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Online Gamers
Published on: November 9, 2019
The longitudinal relationship between parental autonomy support, internet gaming disorder, and depressive symptoms
Die Wang1, Keer Huang1, Xiaoming Li1
1Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University.
Abstract:
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and depressive symptoms (DS) are common and often co-occur in adolescents, with insufficient parental autonomy support (PAS) potentially contributing to their development. However, the longitudinal relationship between PAS, IGD, and DS, as well as potential gender differences, remains unclear. Additionally, it is uncertain whether the observed comorbidity between IGD and DS is driven by reciprocal relationships or by common underlying causes. To address this gap, a 1-year longitudinal study with three waves assessed 1,274 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 14.55 years, 57.85% males). Cross-lagged panel and random-intercept cross-lagged panel analyses were employed to disentangle between-person stability from within-person dynamic processes. The results of random-intercept cross-lagged panels showed that at the between-person level, significant correlations were observed between PAS, IGD, and DS in both male and female adolescents. At the within-person level, temporal fluctuations in PAS predicted subsequent changes in both DS and IGD in males, without reciprocal effects. In females, only the change of PAS predicted the development of DS. These findings suggest that the comorbidity of IGD and DS may arise from shared causes and enhancing PAS may effectively reduce DS in both genders while mitigating IGD vulnerability in males. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
Related Concept Videos
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth....
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Sources of Self-Esteem I: Family Experience
Self-Discrepancy Theory
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
Bullying
