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Cortex-wide characterization of decision-making neural dynamics during spatial navigation.

Samuel P Haley1,2, Daniel A Surinach3, Angela K Nietz1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

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Researchers studied brain activity in mice making decisions while navigating an 8-maze. They found that brain states reflect spatial decision-making, including location, choices, and task rules.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Decision-making relies on complex interactions within the cerebral cortex.
  • Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of neural activity during navigation is crucial for deciphering decision-making processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cortex-wide neural dynamics during freely-moving spatial decision-making in mice.
  • To determine how neuronal activity patterns relate to behavioral variables like location, choice, and task rules.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded widefield calcium (Ca2+) neuronal activity in mice performing an 8-maze task.
  • Utilized two distinct task paradigms: an alternating figure-8 pattern and a rule-change task rewarding only left turns.
  • Analyzed cortical states to identify global patterns of brain activity.

Main Results:

  • Identified common, global patterns of cortex-wide activity during navigation.
  • Demonstrated that cortical states are dependent on maze location and encode features of spatial decision-making (outcome, choice, task paradigm).
  • Observed sequences of anterior and posterior propagating cortical states, linked to sensory processing and top-down control, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical states dynamically represent spatial decision-making processes.
  • Anteriorly propagating states may reflect sensory-to-motor transformations for task execution.
  • Posteriorly propagating states suggest top-down modulation for reward processing and behavioral guidance.