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Effects of Expanding Infection Control Team Functions on Device-Associated HAIs: A Leadership-Oriented Intervention

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Leadership interventions, including Infection Control Physician consultations, improved healthcare-associated infection (HAI) surveillance quality. Enhanced Infection Prevention and Control Teams (IPCTs) and data collection strengthened infection control practices.

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communicationdevice-associated infectionhealthcare-associated infectionsinfection prevention interventionsleadership

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Area of Science:

  • Infection Prevention and Control
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Clinical Leadership

Background:

  • Effective healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevention relies on strong collaboration between Infection Prevention and Control Teams (IPCTs) and frontline staff.
  • Clinical leaders, such as Infection Control Physicians (ICPs), are crucial for promoting evidence-based practices and fostering teamwork.
  • Leadership-oriented interventions are vital for enhancing HAI surveillance quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of leadership-driven interventions, specifically ICP consultations, on the quality of HAI surveillance.
  • To evaluate changes in HAI incidence rates following structural and functional enhancements to the IPCT.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted in a Polish hospital from 2017-2024 (excluding 2020-2021).
  • HAI surveillance followed the ECDC HAI-Net methodology, focusing on patients with invasive devices.
  • Interventions included IPCT expansion, increased managerial support, enhanced nurse competencies, and routine ICP consultations.

Main Results:

  • Microbiological diagnostic test utilization more than doubled; blood and urine cultures significantly increased.
  • 874 ICP consultations were recorded post-intervention, compared to none pre-intervention.
  • Incidence rates for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) increased, while central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) showed no significant change.

Conclusions:

  • Structural and functional IPCT improvements, alongside ICP consultations, significantly enhanced HAI surveillance quality and completeness.
  • Leadership engagement is paramount for optimizing infection prevention and control systems.
  • Further research may be needed to understand the rise in CAUTI and VAP rates despite improved surveillance.