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Related Concept Videos

Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...

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Development and Verification of Crack-Enriched Elements Based on XFEM.

Yanke Shi1, Liming Chen1, Pengtuan Zhao1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new user-defined element (UEL) for simulating concrete crack propagation, offering more accurate predictions than standard methods. The developed UEL effectively models crack paths in concrete beams, enhancing structural safety assessments.

Keywords:
crack enrichment elementcrack propagationfracture failurethe extended finite element methoduser-defined element

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Area of Science:

  • Civil Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Concrete structures are prone to cracks, potentially leading to structural failure.
  • Understanding crack propagation is crucial for structural safety and reinforcement design.
  • Existing methods like the extended finite element method (XFEM) have limitations in simulating complex crack paths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a user-defined element (UEL) for simulating crack propagation in concrete structures.
  • To compare the performance of the developed UEL with the built-in XFEM module in ABAQUS.
  • To accurately predict crack propagation paths and reveal multi-crack propagation laws in concrete beams.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a user-defined element (UEL) within ABAQUS using the level set method, based on the extended finite element method (XFEM) framework.
  • Simulation of crack propagation in two-dimensional concrete beam bending tests.
  • Comparative analysis of the UEL's results against the built-in XFEM module and experimental data from four-point bending tests.

Main Results:

  • The developed UEL accurately predicts crack propagation paths in concrete beams, showing higher agreement with experimental results compared to the standard XFEM module.
  • The UEL allows crack tips to propagate within elements, overcoming the limitation of XFEM where cracks are restricted to element boundaries.
  • Simulation results from the UEL demonstrated consistency in trend with the XFEM module but offered superior accuracy and flexibility.

Conclusions:

  • The developed UEL is effective in predicting crack propagation paths in concrete beams, providing a valuable tool for structural safety analysis.
  • This UEL can reveal multi-crack propagation laws in concrete beams, contributing to improved structural design and reinforcement strategies.
  • The UEL offers a more accurate and flexible approach to simulating crack propagation in concrete structures compared to existing XFEM implementations.