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The third-order aberrations of magnetic sector analyzers
Meishan Li1, Hongqing Tao1, Hangfeng Hu1
1Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
Ultramicroscopy
|March 29, 2026
Summary
This study derives third-order aberration coefficients for magnetic sector analyzers, crucial for enhancing energy and mass spectrometer performance. The new formulas accurately model fringing fields, aiding in spectrometer design and optimization.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Analytical Chemistry
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- High-performance energy analyzers and mass spectrometers rely on precise magnetic sector analyzer design.
- Third-order aberrations significantly impact analyzer performance and require detailed analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To derive integral formulas for third-order aberration coefficients in magnetic sector analyzers.
- To extend these coefficients for mass spectrometers by analyzing energy and mass fluctuations.
- To provide a method for analyzing fringing fields as continuous functions.
Main Methods:
- Employed the successive approximation method to derive aberration coefficients.
- Decomposed momentum perturbation into energy and mass fluctuations.
- Calculated third-order aberration coefficients for a sample magnetic sector.
Main Results:
- Provided a complete list of integral formulas for third-order aberration coefficients.
- Extended chromatic aberration coefficients to account for energy and mass fluctuations.
- Demonstrated accurate calculation of coefficients using derived formulas, consistent with differential algebraic methods.
Conclusions:
- The derived formulas offer an advantage by treating fringing fields as continuous functions, avoiding approximations like SCOFF and EFF.
- Results are beneficial for the design and optimization of electron and mass spectrometers.
- This work enhances the precision and performance of spectroscopic instruments.
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