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Ptychography at all wavelengths
Ruihai Wang1,2, Qianhao Zhao1,2, Lars Loetgering3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
Nature Reviews. Methods Primers
|March 30, 2026
Summary
Ptychography is a versatile computational imaging method, reconstructing phase and amplitude for high-resolution imaging across electron, X-ray, and light wavelengths. This primer unifies its theory, applications, and future potential for diverse scientific fields.
Area of Science:
- Computational imaging
- Diffraction imaging
- Phase retrieval
Background:
- Ptychography is a lens-less imaging technique.
- It reconstructs both amplitude and phase from diffraction patterns.
- It overcomes limitations of conventional optics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a unified treatment of ptychography across various wavelength regimes.
- To discuss theoretical foundations, algorithms, and experimental considerations.
- To highlight applications, data standards, and future opportunities.
Main Methods:
- Reconstruction of amplitude and phase from diffraction patterns.
- Application across electron, X-ray, extreme ultraviolet, and visible light regimes.
- Unified treatment of theory, experiments, and data.
Main Results:
- Ptychography enables high-resolution, quantitative imaging.
- Achieved atomic resolution in electron microscopy.
- Became essential at X-ray synchrotron facilities and advanced optical imaging.
Conclusions:
- Ptychography offers broad applicability across scientific disciplines.
- This primer aims to facilitate broader adoption and reproducibility.
- It serves both newcomers and experienced practitioners in the field.
