Recommendations for Arterial Blood Gas Collection in Intensive Care: Scoping Review

Area of Science:

• Critical Care Medicine
• Nursing Science
• Diagnostic Procedures

Background:

• Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is crucial for managing critically ill patients.
• Standardized collection methods are essential for accurate ABG results.
• Variations in ABG collection techniques can impact patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To map and synthesize current recommendations for arterial blood gas collection in intensive care units (ICUs).
• To identify evidence-based practices for optimizing ABG sampling procedures.
• To inform clinical guidelines and enhance nursing care in critical settings.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
• Extensive literature search across multiple databases (e.g., CINAHL, PubMed, Embase) from February to April 2024.
• Utilized Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for rigorous data synthesis.

Main Results:

• The radial artery is the preferred puncture site, with an insertion angle of 30°–45°.
• 1–3 mL syringes and 20G or 23G needles are recommended.
• Transport and storage at room temperature are advised; cryoanalgesia and subcutaneous analgesia are effective for pain management.

Conclusions:

• This review consolidates best practices for ABG collection in critical care.
• Evidence-based recommendations can strengthen clinical practice and improve patient safety.
• Adherence to synthesized guidelines promotes higher-quality, humanized care for critically ill patients.