MicroRNAs in cardiovascular disease.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Cardiology

Background:

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression.
• miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
• They regulate inflammation, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, and ion-channel remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the role of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases.
• To investigate miRNAs as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular conditions.
• To discuss the potential of theranoMiRNAs in precision cardiology.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing research on miRNA roles in cardiovascular diseases.
• Analysis of diagnostic utility of circulating miRNAs in myocardial infarction models.
• Examination of therapeutic strategies involving miRNA inhibitors and mimics.

Main Results:

• Circulating miRNAs demonstrate significant diagnostic utility, particularly in early detection of myocardial infarction.
• miRNA-based therapeutics, including inhibitors like miR-92a and miR-132, have advanced to clinical trials.
• The concept of theranoMiRNAs offers a dual diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

Conclusions:

• miRNAs are vital in cardiovascular disease mechanisms and hold significant potential for diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Challenges in targeted delivery and off-target effects need to be addressed for clinical translation.
• Advancements in AI, bioinformatics, and nanotechnology will accelerate miRNA-based cardiovascular medicine.