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    Palliative care is crucial for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, addressing symptoms and caregiver needs throughout the disease. Early integration and timely referrals to specialist palliative care improve quality of life.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Palliative Medicine
    • Multiple Sclerosis Care

    Background:

    • Disease-modifying therapies have improved longevity in multiple sclerosis (MS).
    • Palliative care is underutilized for persistent symptoms, caregiver burden, and psychosocial challenges in MS.
    • Integrating palliative care is essential for comprehensive MS management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review palliative care concepts relevant to neurologists managing multiple sclerosis (MS).
    • To outline three stages of palliative care delivery in MS.
    • To identify triggers for referral to specialized palliative care services.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of palliative care principles and strategies for multiple sclerosis.
    • Categorization of palliative care needs into early, mid, and late stages.
    • Discussion of generalist and specialist palliative care roles.

    Main Results:

    • Palliative care in MS progresses through three stages: early diagnosis, mid-disease symptom management, and late-stage/end-of-life care.
    • Key areas include symptom control, quality of life, advance care planning, and caregiver support.
    • Neurologists and care teams act as generalist palliative providers, with specialist referrals as needed.

    Conclusions:

    • Palliative care is integral to the continuum of care for individuals with multiple sclerosis.
    • Systematic integration of palliative care principles can enhance patient and caregiver well-being.
    • Utilizing screening tools and timely referrals optimizes palliative care delivery in MS.