Factors Associated with Parental Involvement in Efforts to Prevent Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Children: A Scoping...

Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) in children remains highly prevalent and requires long-term treatment. Parental involvement is crucial in preventing DR-TB in children, but often faces various challenges. This review aims to describe and analyze research on factors related to parental involvement in DR-TB prevention efforts in children. This study used a scoping review design following the JBI scoping review guidelines. The literature search used five primary databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Sage Journals, and Taylor & Francis. Inclusion criteria included articles focusing on parental involvement in DR-TB prevention in children and its factors, written in English, original research, and published between 2010 and 2025. Exclusion criteria included review articles and research protocols. Based on the results of the literature review, we analyzed 14 relevant articles. Efforts to prevent DR-TB in children include preventing exposure to DR-TB in children in the household and preventing active TB treatment failure in children. There are various factors related to parental involvement through DR-TB preventive therapy in children as a representation of emotional support (stigma, support from health workers, concerns, family openness), instrumental or logistical (logistical burden factors, economic, concurrent treatment with parents, side effects), informational (level of knowledge, level of awareness), and appraisal (trust in the health system). Meanwhile, parental involvement in efforts to provide TB treatment to children represents emotional support (stigma factors, psychosocial burden, attitudes of health workers, concerns, motivation, community support, child gender), instrumental or logistical (factors of access to health services, economic, difficulty administering drugs, age and gender of parents, drug side effects, child age, ability to provide nutritious food, child character), informational (educational factors, education level, knowledge level), and appraisal (trust in health services). These findings suggest that strengthening parental support through tailored health education, counseling, and close collaboration with health workers is crucial to prevent DR-TB in children.