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Toxic effects of bisphenol M, a bisphenol A substitute, on early developmental stages of marine medaka (Oryzias

Shi-Yu Zhao1, Zu-Ying He1, Xue-Ying Chen1

  • 1SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|April 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bisphenol M (BPM), a BPA substitute, is toxic to marine medaka embryos, causing developmental issues and endocrine disruption. This study confirms BPM

Keywords:
Acute toxicityBisphenol substituteDevelopmental toxicityEndocrine-disrupting effectsLocomotor behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Toxicology
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Endocrine Disruption

Background:

  • Bisphenols contaminate aquatic environments, posing ecological risks.
  • Bisphenol M (BPM) is a BPA substitute with predicted high aquatic toxicity.
  • Limited experimental data exists on BPM's toxicological effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally determine the toxicity of BPM using marine medaka embryos.
  • To validate computational predictions of BPM's high acute toxicity.
  • To investigate BPM's effects on aquatic organism development and endocrine function.

Main Methods:

  • Marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) embryos were exposed to BPM.
  • Median lethal concentration (LC50) and hatchability were assessed.
  • Morphological, cardiac, neurological, and transcriptional changes were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The 96-hour LC50 of BPM was 2.7 mg/L.
  • BPM showed biphasic effects on hatchability and induced morphological abnormalities.
  • Cardiac and neurological functions were impaired, with altered expression of endocrine-related genes.

Conclusions:

  • Bisphenol M is a potent developmental toxicant and endocrine disruptor.
  • Experimental data validates computational predictions of BPM's toxicity.
  • Findings are crucial for ecological risk assessment of bisphenol alternatives.