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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Ex utero Electroporation and Whole Hemisphere Explants: A Simple Experimental Method for Studies of Early Cortical Development

Ex utero Electroporation and Whole Hemisphere Explants: A Simple Experimental Method for Studies of Early Cortical Development

Published on: April 3, 2013

Malformations of Cortical Development.

Theodore Betting¹, Theodore Passe¹

¹Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America

|April 3, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Malformations of cortical development are diverse neurological disorders. These conditions can cause drug-resistant epilepsy and present with subtle or striking imaging findings.

Keywords:

Band heterotopia Cortical malformation Focal cortical dysplasia Lissencephaly Megalencephaly Pachygyria Polymicrogyria Schizencephaly

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Last Updated: Apr 5, 2026

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Published on: January 2, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Radiology

Background:

Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) represent a heterogeneous group of congenital brain abnormalities.
These disorders are a significant cause of drug-resistant epilepsy.
The imaging presentation of MCDs can range from subtle to overtly striking.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the classification schemes for malformations of cortical development.
To highlight the role of embryologic errors and imaging morphology in categorizing MCDs.

Main Methods:

Literature review of classification systems for MCDs.
Analysis of embryologic origins and imaging features of cortical malformations.

Main Results:

Multiple classification schemes exist for MCDs.
Classification can be based on embryologic errors or imaging appearance.
Cerebral cortical morphology is a primary distinguishing feature in imaging-based classification.

Conclusions:

Understanding MCD classification is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Embryologic and imaging-based approaches provide complementary perspectives on MCDs.
Further research into standardized classification may improve patient outcomes.