Proximal Contact Loss and Interproximal Caries in Natural Teeth Adjacent to Dental Implants. A Review

Proximal contact loss (PCL) between implant restorations and neighboring natural teeth can lead to interproximal caries and other dental problems. This review assessed the frequency of interproximal caries on teeth adjacent to implants and implant infraocclusion across different age groups. Factors influencing PCL, including implant placement and adjustments for patient age and gender, were evaluated. The review also examined the impact of implants on surrounding bone and oral microbiota. Understanding these effects helps guide implant planning and follow-up care, aiming to reduce complications, preserve the integrity of neighboring teeth, and maintain overall oral health. Implants can trigger local inflammation and microbial imbalance, leading to bone loss around adjacent natural teeth and potentially increasing caries risk. Interproximal contact loss (PCL) between implants and neighboring teeth is common and heightens susceptibility to interproximal caries, affecting oral health. Factors such as implant placement, follow-up duration, and microbial changes influence PCL development and its consequences. Timely implant placement and consideration of patient age and gender are essential to manage growth-related changes. Proper treatment strategies combined with regular monitoring help minimize risks, maintain interproximal integrity, and protect oral health, ensuring implant restorations function effectively without compromising adjacent natural teeth.