Topical vitamins: Uses and limitations-part I

Topical formulations of vitamins are increasingly used for dermatologic conditions and cosmetic indications, owing to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, modulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, wound-healing effects, and moisturizing and photoprotective properties. Apart from well-established uses in psoriasis and acne vulgaris, they are helpful for various new indications, ranging from chemoprevention of cutaneous malignancies to photoaging and wound healing. They are active ingredients in cosmetic products such as moisturizers, serums, sunscreens, and shampoos. Topical formulations of vitamins are usually well tolerated, but their side effects, such as irritation and a burning sensation, can be troublesome. The formulation challenge is a significant limitation, as incorporating the active ingredient into an appropriate vehicle and delivering it to the desired site of action can be complicated for several vitamins. The stability of formulations and varying contradictions may create obstacles to the use of topical vitamins.