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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building01:26

Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building

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As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
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Design Example: Designing a Residential Plumbing System01:25

Design Example: Designing a Residential Plumbing System

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The design of residential plumbing systems requires carefully evaluating water demand, flow rates, and pressure dynamics to ensure both efficiency and reliability. The nature of water flow within pipes is defined by its Reynolds number, which classifies flow as either laminar (smooth) or turbulent.
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Design Example: Dimensioning of Concrete Masonry Construction01:13

Design Example: Dimensioning of Concrete Masonry Construction

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For the construction of a storeroom using concrete masonry units, it's essential to align the dimensions of the structure with the actual sizes of the blocks and the intended mortar joints. On the site in question, there's a stockpile of concrete masonry blocks with a nominal size of eight by eight by sixteen inches, which are to be used in the construction of the storeroom.
The site engineer has laid out a plan for the storeroom with external dimensions of twelve feet in length and...
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Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Masonry Curtain Walls01:20

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Masonry curtain walls employ brick or stone veneers supported by the building's structure to form an external cladding system that is both aesthetically appealing and functional. These walls are erected through two principal techniques, first by traditional layering of masonry units and second by using prefabricated panels. Traditional construction relies on steel shelf angles attached to the spandrel beam for support, with high-bond mortars ensuring secure attachment of masonry veneer...
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Updated: Apr 12, 2026

The Effect of Construction and Demolition Waste Plastic Fractions on Wood-Polymer Composite Properties
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Structuring PVC circularity in the built environment: A systems-based ISM-MICMAC analysis.

Nirusika Rajenthiran1, Jian Zuo1, Daniel Oteng1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering and Construction Management, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.

Journal of Environmental Management
|April 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Achieving circularity for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in the built environment requires focusing on foundational logistics and collection systems. Strengthening these low and mid-level drivers promotes multi-level improvements for sustainable PVC practices.

Keywords:
Built environmentCircular economyISM-MICMACPVCRecoveryValue chain

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Engineering

Background:

  • The built environment faces challenges in transitioning to a Circular Economy (CE), particularly concerning polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials.
  • Enhancing PVC circularity is crucial for sustainable construction and waste reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze key criteria accelerating sustainable PVC practices for CE in the built environment.
  • To map interrelationships between these criteria to guide industry, policymakers, and government.
  • To support effective sequencing of improvement efforts in the PVC circular value chain.

Main Methods:

  • Semi-structured interviews with Circular Economy (CE) experts and industry stakeholders across the PVC value chain.
  • Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) to develop a hierarchical model of criteria.
  • Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis to assess driving and dependence power of criteria.

Main Results:

  • A hierarchical structure of criteria was identified, categorized into low, mid, and upper levels.
  • Foundational low-level enablers (e.g., logistics, collection systems, social acceptance) support higher-level drivers.
  • Mid-level criteria (e.g., regulations, policies) act as mediators, while upper-level criteria (e.g., procurement, economic factors) are dependent outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Strengthening foundational low and mid-level drivers is essential for systemic improvements in PVC circularity.
  • Targeted strategies focusing on logistics, collection, social acceptance, and policy mechanisms can accelerate sustainable PVC adoption.
  • Effective sequencing of interventions, starting with fundamental enablers, is key to advancing the PVC circular value chain.