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Tea intake among adults in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018: population based study.

Xunliang Li1, Jingjing Zhang1, Zhuqing Jin1

  • 1Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global tea consumption varies significantly by region, with the Middle East and North Africa showing the highest intake. Overall tea consumption increased globally from 1990 to 2018, with notable growth in Southeast and East Asia.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Global Health
  • Dietary Patterns

Background:

  • Tea is the second most consumed beverage globally, but detailed worldwide intake data are scarce.
  • Understanding tea consumption patterns is crucial for global nutritional surveillance and public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess global tea intake patterns among adults (≥20 years) from 1990 to 2018.
  • To analyze variations in tea consumption by age, sex, education, and urbanicity across different countries and regions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized individual-level dietary data from the Global Dietary Database 2018.
  • Included 1224 surveys from 185 countries, covering the period 1990–2018.
  • Stratified analysis by demographic factors and geographic regions.

Main Results:

  • In 2018, global mean tea intake was 6.18 cups/week, with significant regional disparities (3.85 cups/week in Latin America to 8.95 cups/week in the Middle East and North Africa).
  • Highest national intakes were observed in Iran, Japan, and Afghanistan.
  • Global intake increased by 0.94% annually from 1990–2018, with substantial growth in Southeast and East Asia (1.68% annually), particularly China (3.04% annually), while Georgia experienced a decline (-5.91% annually).
  • Tea intake showed a modest increase with age, with minimal differences across sex, education, or urbanicity.

Conclusions:

  • Significant global heterogeneity exists in tea consumption patterns.
  • Findings provide a basis for targeted nutritional surveillance and public health strategies related to beverage intake worldwide.