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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

368
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
368
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

339
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
339
Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

8.7K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
8.7K
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

352
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
352
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

329
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
329
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

817
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

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Acromegaly in an Elderly Woman.

Laurentius Aswin Pramono1, Fransiskus Xaverius Rinaldi2, Ramzi Ramzi2

  • 11. Department of Public Health and Nutrition, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Carolus Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.. L.aswin.pramono@gmail.com.

Acta Medica Indonesiana
|April 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Acromegaly diagnosis in older adults can be delayed due to subtle symptoms. Early detection of pituitary macroadenomas causing growth hormone excess is crucial for timely treatment.

Keywords:
Elderly careEndocrinologyGrowth hormoneIGF-1Pituitary MacroadenomaTranssphenoidal Surgeryacromegaly

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

20.2K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pituitary adenomas are common intracranial tumors.
  • Macroadenomas can cause significant clinical issues due to hormone excess or mass effects.
  • Diagnosis in older adults is often delayed, with symptoms misattributed to aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of suspecting acromegaly in elderly patients with unexplained physical changes.
  • To emphasize the role of endocrine evaluation and imaging in diagnosing pituitary macroadenomas.
  • To underscore the necessity of timely surgical intervention for pituitary macroadenomas.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 61-year-old woman with symptoms of acromegaly.
  • Laboratory investigations for growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pituitary macroadenoma detection.
  • Endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for tumor resection.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with coarsening facial features and acral enlargement.
  • Elevated GH (18.9 ng/mL) and IGF-1 (865.6 ng/mL) confirmed acromegaly.
  • A pituitary macroadenoma (1.3 × 2.5 × 1.0 cm) was identified on MRI.
  • Successful surgical resection of the macroadenoma was performed.

Conclusions:

  • Acromegaly should be suspected in elderly patients with unexplained acral and facial changes.
  • Comprehensive endocrine assessment and advanced imaging are vital for accurate diagnosis.
  • Prompt surgical treatment of pituitary macroadenomas prevents disease progression.