Long-Term Preservation by Cryopreservation Method Swietenia macrophylla King

Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) is a highly valued Mexican forest species for its precious wood, recognized for its hardness, resistance, and beauty. It is widely distributed in various states of Mexico, and its trees are important for soil conservation and erosion control. However, intense exploitation has led to a decrease in its genetic variability, underscoring the urgent need for its ex situ conservation in plant germplasm banks.A key strategy for ex situ conservation is in vitro culture, which allows for rapid multiplication of plant tissue, benefiting both industrial plant production and conservation. Within in vitro culture, there is a technique called cryopreservation for long-term conservation in germplasm banks. There are several methods within cryopreservation, one of which is cryopreservation by vitrification, which involves turning intracellular water vitreous (amorphous) at extremely low temperatures, such as those of liquid nitrogen. This is achieved with cryoprotectants (such as DMSO, glycerol, ethylene glycol, and sucrose), which at high concentrations reduce the freezing point and increase cytoplasmic viscosity. The objective of this work is to describe the application of this vitrification cryopreservation technique for Swietenia macrophylla King.