Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

5
DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
5
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

1.7K
Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
1.7K
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

2
Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration...
2
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

4.9K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
4.9K
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

798
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
798
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

1.3K
Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Brain age gradients as intermediate phenotypes linking plasma p-tau217 to cognition in community-dwelling older adults.

NPJ dementia·2026
Same author

Hypertension in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: progress made, gaps remain.

Journal of hypertension·2026
Same author

Narrative Discourse Predictors of Response to Naming Intervention in Aphasia.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

Physical function impacts hearing without mediation from systolic blood pressure.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Characterizing Verb Argument Structure in Aphasia Using Dependency Parsers.

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2026
Same author

Adipose Triglyceride Lipase and Gpr40 Contribute to the Anti-Contractile Effect of Perivascular Adipose Tissue.

Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.8K

Hypertension-Induced Retinal Microvascular Remodeling in Women.

Rohit S Nampoothiry1,2, Nadra Salman3, Ricardo Bernardino de Paula1,2

  • 1Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Columbia, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.

Journal of Vascular Research
|April 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Hypertension damages blood vessels in the eye, causing reduced arteriolar area and retinal thinning in women. Retinal imaging can noninvasively detect these changes, aiding in managing hypertensive microvascular disease.

Keywords:
BiomarkerEye healthFemaleHigh blood pressureRetinal imaging

More Related Videos

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

22.5K
Quantification of Vascular Parameters in Whole Mount Retinas of Mice with Non-Proliferative and Proliferative Retinopathies
12:28

Quantification of Vascular Parameters in Whole Mount Retinas of Mice with Non-Proliferative and Proliferative Retinopathies

Published on: March 12, 2022

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 18, 2026

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
10:11

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies

Published on: October 22, 2014

19.8K
Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

22.5K
Quantification of Vascular Parameters in Whole Mount Retinas of Mice with Non-Proliferative and Proliferative Retinopathies
12:28

Quantification of Vascular Parameters in Whole Mount Retinas of Mice with Non-Proliferative and Proliferative Retinopathies

Published on: March 12, 2022

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Hypertension

Background:

  • Hypertension is a significant cardiovascular disease risk factor.
  • Its impact on the female retinal microvasculature, independent of pregnancy or diabetes, is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hypertension on retinal microvascular remodeling in women.
  • To assess the utility of retinal imaging as a biomarker for hypertensive microvascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated retinal imaging in female participants with structural assessments in hypertensive female mice.
  • Evaluated retinal microvascular remodeling, arteriolar and venular area, and retinal thickness.

Main Results:

  • Higher systolic blood pressure correlated with reduced retinal arteriolar area and thinning in women, irrespective of BMI or glycemic status.
  • Women over 50 showed greater microvascular loss, indicating age-related susceptibility.
  • Hypertensive mice exhibited retinal microvascular rarefaction and reduced pericyte coverage.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension causes retinal rarefaction, arteriolar loss, and pericyte depletion, impairing microvascular integrity across species.
  • Retinal imaging serves as a noninvasive biomarker for hypertensive microvascular disease in women.