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Population Growth and the Urology Workforce in West Java, Indonesia: A Distribution and Projection Study
Aaron Tigor Sihombing1,2, Antonia Kartika3,4, Antoninus Hengky1,2
1Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Universitas Padjajaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia.
Research and Reports in Urology
|April 17, 2026
Summary
West Java
Area of Science:
- Urology Workforce Analysis
- Healthcare Access and Equity
- Population Health Demographics
Background:
- West Java, Indonesia's most populous province, experiences increasing demand for urological services.
- Rapid population growth and an aging demographic exacerbate healthcare needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the adequacy and distribution of the urology workforce in West Java.
- To assess if current workforce trends can meet projected population needs for urological care.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study using secondary data (2009-2023) from Indonesian statistical and urology associations.
- Analysis included urologist distribution, urologist-to-population ratios, age structure, and growth trends.
- Descriptive statistics, ratio calculations, and spatial analysis were employed.
Main Results:
- Urologists are concentrated in urban areas (e.g., Bandung City), with shortages in rural/suburban regions.
- Urologist-to-population ratios are significantly below adequate levels for specialist care.
- While urologist growth outpaced population growth, the absolute numbers remain insufficient, with a projected decline in the 30-45 age group.
Conclusions:
- A significant gap exists between urological healthcare needs and workforce availability in West Java.
- Uneven distribution and projected shortages risk equitable access to urological services.
- Strategic planning, increased training capacity, targeted deployment, and telemedicine are crucial for sustainable urological care.
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