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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics
  • Gravitational Waves

Background:

  • Minimal coupling of massless fermions to gravity does not permit gravitational production from cosmic expansion alone.
  • Stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds offer a new avenue for fermion production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the gravitational production of Weyl fermions in the presence of stochastic gravitational waves.
  • To explore the potential of this mechanism for explaining dark matter abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the in-in formalism to compute the 1-loop energy density of Weyl fermions.
  • Considering fermions that initially are massless but later acquire mass.

Main Results:

  • Stochastic gravitational waves enable the gravitational production of Weyl fermions.
  • The computed energy density of Weyl fermions is derived.
  • The mechanism's efficiency is compared to conventional superheavy fermion production.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of stochastic gravitational waves modifies fermion production.
  • This mechanism offers a viable explanation for dark matter abundance if fermions acquire mass.
  • The production mechanism is potentially more efficient than existing models for superheavy fermions.