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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
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Updated: Apr 19, 2026

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues

Sequence-specific Labeling of Nucleic Acids and Proteins with Methyltransferases and Cofactor Analogues

Published on: November 22, 2014

Ribozymes for RNA-Catalyzed RNA Methylation and Labeling.

Carolin P M Scheitl¹, Claudia Höbartner^1,2

¹Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|April 18, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Ribozymes, RNA catalysts, enable precise covalent RNA labeling with artificial or natural modifications. This review details available ribozymes for RNA tagging, fluorescent labeling, and methylation, advancing RNA research.

Keywords:

RNA alkylation RNA labeling RNA modification methyltransferase ribozymes

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Last Updated: Apr 19, 2026

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Chemical Biology

Background:

RNA modifications are crucial for RNA stability, folding, and function in cellular processes.
Artificial RNA modifications are essential tools for RNA isolation, imaging, and tracking.
Covalent RNA labeling is highly desirable for downstream applications in biological research.

Purpose of the Study:

To review available ribozymes for covalent RNA modification.
To highlight ribozymes for RNA tagging, fluorescent labeling, and methylation.
To discuss the development and future prospects of RNA-modifying ribozymes.

Main Methods:

In vitro selection using suitable cofactors to obtain ribozymes.
Categorization of ribozymes based on their modification mechanism (self-modifying vs. intermolecular).
Review of existing literature on ribozyme applications for RNA modification.

Main Results:

A collection of ribozymes for site-directed RNA modification is presented.
Ribozymes capable of RNA tagging, fluorescent labeling, and methylation are discussed.
Both artificial and natural RNA modifications can be achieved using ribozymes.

Conclusions:

Ribozymes are powerful tools for site-specific RNA modification.
The development of RNA-modifying ribozymes expands the toolkit for RNA research.
Future research will focus on expanding ribozyme capabilities and applications.