Domains included in multidimensional sleep health composite scores: A scoping review

While the SATED/Ru-SATED sleep health framework is well-recognized, there is no consensus for how many or which domains should be included in the construct of a multidimensional sleep health composite score. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review is to determine what domains are included in multidimensional sleep health composite scores and how those domains are assessed. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) updated methodology for scoping reviews were used. Two authors independently reviewed titles/abstracts, full texts, and performed data extraction, and one author resolved discrepancies with discussion as needed. The search strategy generated 1879 references, 130 underwent a full-text screening, and 45 were eligible for inclusion. Five and six domains were the most common number of domains included in the multidimensional sleep health composite scores (n = 20 each). Articles mainly included only self-report measures (n = 21) or a mix of self-report and objective measures (n = 21). Twelve unique domains were identified with Duration being the most common (n = 45), followed by Alertness/Sleepiness (n = 42), Satisfaction/Quality (n = 39), and Timing (n = 37). In conclusion, while the domains most often included in the multidimensional sleep health composite scores followed the SATED/Ru-SATED framework, there was variability in the domains included as well as variability in how the domains were assessed. Consensus is needed on the definition of sleep health domains or, at a minimum, clear reporting on the definitions used. Further research is needed to determine which multidimensional sleep health domains are most associated with health outcomes.