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Solid-Phase Fluorescence Filter Effect Based Test Kit for Field Testing of COD_Mn in Surface Water.

Yuanyuan Liu¹, Jinyi Zhang¹, Zhankuo Zhang¹

¹Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064 (China).

Analytical Chemistry

|April 19, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new portable test kit enables rapid, visual monitoring of permanganate index (COD_Mn) in surface water. This cost-effective method uses carbon dots and iodine for accurate dissolved organic matter assessment, advancing water quality surveillance.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Water Quality Monitoring

Background:

On-site monitoring of permanganate index (COD_Mn) is crucial for understanding dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters.
Current methods can be time-consuming and lack portability for real-time assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a portable, rapid, visual, and cost-effective field test kit for COD_Mn detection.
To integrate the kit with an automated sampling system for enhanced water quality surveillance.

Main Methods:

Utilized the solid-phase fluorescence filter effect (SPFFE) between carbon dots (CDs) and iodine for quantifying residual KMnO₄ (COD_Mn).
Developed a smartphone-based reader and fluorescence reference card for quantitative analysis and water quality classification.
Employed an unmanned vessel for automated water sample collection.

Main Results:

Achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.04 mg L^-1 for COD_Mn with relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 2.0%.
Field application demonstrated strong agreement with standard methods, showing enhanced sensitivity, reproducibility, and portability.
Spatial mapping revealed COD_Mn distribution influenced by local environmental factors.

Conclusions:

The developed test kit offers a practical and scalable solution for decentralized, real-time water quality monitoring.
The mechanism-driven analytical strategy combines SPFFE modulation with field-deployable design and autonomous sampling.
This approach advances the practical measurement of COD_Mn for environmental surveillance.