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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Mouse Models of Epididymitis Induced by Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns
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[CASE OF EPIDIDYMITIS LEADING TO DIAGNOSIS OF INCOMPLETE BEHCET'S DISEASE].

Takahiro Fukuda1, Kousuke Nishizaki1, Koji Fukui1

  • 1Department of Urology, Takarazuka City Hospital.

Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. the Japanese Journal of Urology
|April 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A man with persistent epididymitis symptoms was ultimately diagnosed with incomplete Behcet's disease. Colchicine treatment led to significant symptom relief, highlighting its efficacy in managing this rare condition.

Keywords:
Behcet's diseaseacute epididymitis

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Urology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • A 50-year-old male presented with symptoms initially diagnosed as acute epididymitis.
  • Standard antibiotic treatments (levofloxacin, ceftriaxone) failed to resolve the condition.
  • Persistent symptoms and fever of unknown origin prompted further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying cause of refractory epididymitis and fever of unknown origin.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic utility of advanced imaging and rheumatological assessments.
  • To determine the effectiveness of colchicine in suspected Behcet's disease.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination and standard urine analysis.
  • Antibiotic therapy and imaging studies (CT, MRI).
  • Rheumatological workup including autoantibody tests, gallium scintigraphy, and fundus angiography.
  • Initiation of colchicine treatment based on clinical suspicion.

Main Results:

  • Imaging revealed only epididymal swelling, ruling out abscess.
  • Gallium scintigraphy indicated inflammatory changes in multiple joints.
  • Fundus angiography showed characteristic fern-like fluorescent leakage.
  • Colchicine treatment resulted in dramatic symptom improvement.
  • Diagnosis of incomplete Behcet's disease was confirmed by oral ulcers and vascular findings.

Conclusions:

  • Incomplete Behcet's disease can present with urological symptoms mimicking epididymitis.
  • A multidisciplinary approach involving urology, rheumatology, and ophthalmology is crucial for diagnosis.
  • Colchicine is an effective treatment for managing symptoms in incomplete Behcet's disease.