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Edge-Defect Governed Graphene with In-Plane Conduction and Out-of-Plane Polarization Enables Microwave Absorption and

Juan Yang¹, Yujie Gui¹, Xiaolin Fu¹

¹Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Energy Storage Materials of Gansu Province, Research Center for Resource Chemistry and Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|April 20, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel edge-defect graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) for advanced military applications. These materials offer efficient microwave absorption and infrared stealth, crucial for next-generation equipment.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Defense Technology

Background:

Growing need for lightweight, high-efficiency microwave-absorbing (MA) materials with infrared stealth for military equipment.
Existing multispectral stealth solutions often require complex engineering and hierarchical architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a simplified strategy for creating multifunctional stealth materials.
To modulate graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) structure for enhanced microwave absorption and infrared stealth.

Main Methods:

Constructing edge-defect GNPs with an in-plane conductive network and out-of-plane amorphous architecture.
Utilizing a radical-mediated preferential edge oxidation process with H2O2/H2SO4 to control defect density.
Fabricating composites with silicone rubber for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

Optimized edge-defect GNPs achieved a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -48.38 dB at 1.46 mm thickness.
A 5 wt% composite in silicone rubber demonstrated -40.6 dB absorption at 1.5 mm.
Materials exhibited excellent infrared stealth, maintaining low surface temperatures at elevated conditions.

Conclusions:

Edge-defects in GNPs enhance polarization and impedance matching for effective microwave absorption and infrared stealth.
The proposed method offers a simplified route to multifunctional radar-infrared compatible stealth materials.
Achieved a balance of strong absorption, ultrathin thickness, and low filler content in the developed materials.