Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 21, 2026
Surgical Bone Implantation Technique for Rat Tibia Models of Diabetes and Osteoporosis
Published on: July 5, 2024
Influence of Insertion Torque on Marginal Bone Loss in Immediate Definitive Loading of Dental Implants: A Prospective
1Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Aim:
To evaluate the influence of insertion torque (IT) on marginal bone loss (MBL) in immediately loaded implants restored with definitive zirconia crowns.
Methods:
This prospective study included 26 adults receiving 48 implants placed using a flapless, digitally guided protocol. IT was categorized as moderate (40-50 Ncm) or high (55-70 Ncm). Standardized periapical radiographs were obtained at baseline and 12 months. MBL was measured mesially and distally after radiographic calibration. Nonparametric statistics and linear regression were used to assess associations.
Results:
All implants remained functional at 12 months (100% survival). The high‑torque group showed a significantly greater MBL than the moderate‑torque group (0.406 ± 0.25 mm vs. 0.056 ± 0.20 mm; median 0.40 mm [interquartile range (IQR): 0.20-0.75] vs. 0.00 mm [IQR: 0.00-0.10]; P < 0.001). The overall mean MBL was 0.12 ± 0.24 mm. Linear regression revealed a positive association between IT and MBL (β = 0.019; 95% confidence interval: 0.011-0.027; R² = 0.32; P < 0.001). Post hoc power analysis demonstrated 98.8% power.
Conclusions:
Higher IT values were associated with a statistically greater MBL, although overall bone loss remained clinically minimal. Immediate definitive loading with controlled torque appears reliable and biologically stable.
