Surgical Correction of Pulmonary Stenosis Using Beating-Heart Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Dog With Persistent Left...

A 7-month-old female toy poodle was referred for corrective surgery of pulmonary stenosis with persistent left cranial vena cava (PLCVC). Thoracic radiographs showed right heart enlargement. Echocardiography revealed moderate right ventricular hypertrophy and severe pulmonic stenosis with PLCVC. Right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction of severe pulmonary artery stenosis was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. Intraoperative ventricular fibrillation occurred and was successfully treated with defibrillation; no postoperative complications were appreciated at the 1-month recheck. At the 6-month follow-up, the dog was in good general condition without exercise intolerance, and an echocardiogram revealed that the pulmonary artery velocity at the narrow area had decreased. This case suggests that surgical correction using cardiopulmonary bypass is a feasible treatment option for severe pulmonary stenosis with PLCVC, particularly in small dogs in which catheter-based intervention is technically challenging.