Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biasing of FET01:22

Biasing of FET

1.0K
Biasing a Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is crucial for setting operational parameters and ensuring efficient functioning in electronic circuits. JFETs are characterized by using a single carrier type in N-channel or P-channel configurations, where the channel is surrounded by PN junctions. These junctions are central to the device's ability to control current flow.
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the...
1.0K
MOSFET01:16

MOSFET

1.8K
The Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) plays a pivotal role in modern electronics thanks to its versatility and efficiency in controlling electrical currents. This device, also known as IGFET, MISFET, and MOSFET, has three main terminals: the Source, Drain, and Gate. MOSFETs are classified into n-channel or p-channel types based on the doping characteristics of their substrate and the source or drain regions.
In an n-MOSFET, the structure includes n-type source and drain...
1.8K
MOSFET: Enhancement Mode01:22

MOSFET: Enhancement Mode

1.1K
Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Engineered Injectable Coaxial Supramolecular Hydrogel for a Minimally Invasive Neural Electrode.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same author

Room-Temperature Tuning and Probing of Fermi Polarons in Atomically Thin Semiconductors on a Plasmonic Metasurface.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

High-energy-density aqueous magnesium metal battery textiles enable ultrasensitive pressure sensing across -40° to 100°C.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Weaving Intelligence: Thermally Drawn Multimaterial Fibers Toward AI-Enabled Smart Textiles.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Imaging Electric Polarization Switching in Multilayer Graphene.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Starvation effect enables computing and memory functions in semiconductor-free fibres.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Zein-Ceria Hybrid Microparticles Enable Long-Term ROS-Scavenging Oxygenation for Osteogenic Microtissues Engineering.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Toward Practical Solid-State Lithium Batteries With High-Nickel Cathodes: An Interface-Centered Perspective.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

A Planarity-Hindrance Co-Balance Strategy to Develop Antiparallel H-Aggregates With Minimal Absorbance Blueshift for Type I Photodynamic Therapy.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Exceptional Rare-Earth Half-Heusler Thermoelectrics With Sublattice Softening.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Co-Assembled Hybrid Interlayer Engineering for Enhanced Upper Interface Stability in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal

Impact-Resistant Hydrogels Via Quaternary Ammonium-Regulated Networks.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Fabrication of the Composite Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface C-RPNI in the Adult Rat
10:35

Fabrication of the Composite Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface C-RPNI in the Adult Rat

Published on: February 25, 2020

7.7K

Charge-Engineered COFs for Biointegrated Memristor Nerves.

Zhiyuan Meng1,2, Jianguo Wu1, Fei Xue3

  • 1College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers engineered charged covalent organic frameworks (COFs) into stable, low-power memristors that act as artificial nerves. These devices successfully translate neural signals into muscle movement, restoring motor function.

Keywords:
artificial neural interfacesbiointegrated memristorscovalent organic frameworks (COFs)ionic transport modulating

More Related Videos

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts
08:33

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.0K
Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes
08:24

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

Published on: February 28, 2020

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

Fabrication of the Composite Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface C-RPNI in the Adult Rat
10:35

Fabrication of the Composite Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface C-RPNI in the Adult Rat

Published on: February 25, 2020

7.7K
Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts
08:33

Bidirectional Electrical and Optoelectronic Interfaces in Healthy and Ischemic Ex Vivo Rat Hearts

Published on: July 18, 2025

1.0K
Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes
08:24

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

Published on: February 28, 2020

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Bioelectronics

Background:

  • Restoring motor function after neurological injury necessitates advanced artificial neural interfaces.
  • Existing interfaces often struggle with low power consumption and long-term stability.
  • Emulating biological rate coding is crucial for effective neural signal translation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop molecular-level engineered covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for biointegrated memristors.
  • To create artificial efferent nerves capable of emulating biological rate coding.
  • To investigate the impact of charge functionalization on memristive properties and device performance.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized positively and negatively charged COF nanosheets.
  • Integrated COFs into a conductive-filament memristor architecture.
  • Evaluated memristive behaviors, switching voltage, ON/OFF ratio, power consumption, leakage, and stability under bending.
  • Performed in vivo testing in a mouse model to assess motor function emulation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated polarity-dependent memristive behaviors in COF nanosheets.
  • Negatively charged COFs enhanced electrostatic interactions, reducing switching voltage to 0.5 V and achieving an ON/OFF ratio > 10^5.
  • Achieved low power consumption (0.04 nW), suppressed leakage (~5 pA), and stable operation over 5000 bending cycles.
  • Successfully translated neuronal spike trains into smooth muscle contractions in vivo, emulating physiological motor control.

Conclusions:

  • Charge-engineered COFs provide a viable molecular-level strategy for creating stable, low-power artificial efferent nerves.
  • This approach offers a promising platform for advancing neuromorphic and bioelectronic technologies for motor function restoration.
  • The developed COF memristors effectively emulate biological rate coding and physiological motor control.