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Related Concept Videos

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

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Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.
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The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Fabrication and Operation of Acoustofluidic Devices Supporting Bulk Acoustic Standing Waves for Sheathless Focusing of Particles
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Ultra-Fast Cell Sorting via Pulsed, Orifice-Free Acoustic Microjets.

Xieruiqi Guan1, Xinyi Yan2,3,4, Ke Yuan2,3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

ACS Sensors
|April 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method using pulsed acoustic waves to create fast, controllable microjets for precise cell sorting. This technology enables high-throughput cell analysis and diagnostics with improved accuracy and efficiency.

Keywords:
acoustofluidicsfluorescence-activated sortingmicrojetsorifice-freepulse modulation

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Acoustic Physics
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microscale fluid jet generation is crucial for biomedicine but faces limitations in current technologies.
  • Existing methods struggle with complexity, efficiency, and control, hindering high-throughput applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel method for generating and controlling microscale fluid jets using acoustic excitation.
  • To demonstrate the application of these acoustic jets in a high-throughput cell sorting system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pulsed excitation of a 2 GHz bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator to generate orifice-free microjets.
  • Dynamically tuned microjet dimensions and velocity by adjusting input power and pulse width.
  • Developed a fluorescence-activated cell sorter based on pulsed acoustic streaming (PAS) for cell deflection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved ultrafast, highly directional microjets with tunable characteristics and theoretical rates exceeding 200,000 per second.
  • The PAS cell sorter demonstrated a throughput of 1662 cells/s with >97% purity and maintained cell viability.
  • Successfully sorted murine M1 and M2 macrophages with >98% purity for the M2 phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Pulsed acoustic microjets offer a robust, efficient, and highly controllable mechanism for high-throughput cellular manipulation.
  • This technology opens new possibilities for cell analysis, diagnostics, and therapeutic delivery.
  • The developed PAS sorter represents a significant advancement in microfluidic cell sorting capabilities.