Iatrogenic Microplastic Exposure: A Possible and Underrecognized Healthcare-Associated Exposure Framework in Human...

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Toxicology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive environmental contaminants found in various media and human samples.
• Existing research primarily focuses on oral, inhalational, and dermal exposure routes.
• Healthcare settings represent a potential, underrecognized source of human exposure to MPs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore iatrogenic microplastic exposure (IME) as a potential fourth route of human exposure.
• To review materials used in medical interventions that may contribute to IME.
• To highlight the need for re-evaluation of plastic use in healthcare.

Main Methods:

• A literature-based conceptual review was conducted.
• Focused on materials and additives in pharmaceutical formulations, intravenous systems, and medical devices.
• Examined polymer-based excipients and plasticizers in drug coatings and infusion packaging.

Main Results:

• Medical interventions can introduce microplastics into the human body.
• Polymer-derived particles may enter systemic circulation through various medical procedures and devices.
• Certain patient populations may experience disproportionately higher exposure levels.

Conclusions:

• Iatrogenic microplastic exposure (IME) is a plausible healthcare-associated exposure route.
• There is a need for re-evaluation of plastic use in medical practice and improved regulatory oversight.
• Further research and innovation in plastic-free biomedical materials are crucial to mitigate risks.