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Intellectual developmental disability and risk of developing depression in type 2 diabetes
Jun-Hyuk Lee1, Jimin Park2, Yong-Moon Mark Park3
1Department of Family Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Research
|April 27, 2026
Summary
Individuals with intellectual developmental disability (IDD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) face a significantly higher risk of developing depression. Early screening and tailored interventions are crucial for this vulnerable population.
Area of Science:
- Medical Research
- Public Health
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to increased depression risk.
- Intellectual developmental disability (IDD) is associated with mood disturbances, often with delayed diagnosis due to communication barriers.
- The combined impact of IDD and T2D on depression risk is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between intellectual developmental disability (IDD) and the incidence of new-onset depression in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 1,819,869 Korean adults with T2D from the 2015-2016 National Health Screening Program.
- Classification of participants into IDD (n=3665) and non-IDD groups.
- Utilized Cox proportional hazards models to assess the risk of new-onset depression over a median follow-up of 5.8 years.
Main Results:
- The IDD group was younger (mean age 49.2 vs 58.0 years) and had fewer men (55.9% vs 61.8%).
- 14.8% of participants developed depression; the IDD group showed an elevated risk (HR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.53-1.77).
- The association was consistent across IDD severity and pronounced in those under 65 with T2D duration less than five years.
Conclusions:
- Coexisting IDD and T2D significantly increase the risk of depression.
- Highlights the need for targeted interventions and improved screening for mental health in this population.
- Emphasizes the importance of caregiver awareness and addressing mental health disparities in individuals with IDD and T2D.
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