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    We found that spiral potentials can stably trap optical solitons in nonlinear media. This stability offers potential for advanced all-optical data processing applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear optics
    • Optical physics
    • Condensed matter physics

    Background:

    • Optical solitons are self-reinforcing light pulses that maintain their shape while propagating.
    • Cubic-quintic (CQ) nonlinearity describes the complex optical properties of certain materials.
    • Spiral potentials can influence the behavior of light waves.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the existence and stability of optical solitons in media with CQ nonlinearity under spiral potentials.
    • To explore different families of stationary soliton states.
    • To assess the potential applications of these stable solitons.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical simulations to find stationary soliton states.
    • Linear stability analysis to determine soliton stability.
  • Direct simulations to corroborate stability findings.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified various families of stationary optical solitons (fundamental, high-order, in-phase, out-of-phase, hybrid-phase).
    • Demonstrated that all upper-branch nonlinear states are completely stable across different azimuthal indices.
    • Observed a rare phenomenon of complete stability in soliton physics.

    Conclusions:

    • Spiral potentials provide an effective method for achieving multistable optical trapping.
    • The completely stable solitons have significant potential for applications in all-optical data processing.