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Transient Phase Sensing in a Three-Photon Rydberg Ladder Scheme.

Stephanie M Bohaichuk¹, Vijin Venu¹, Florian Christaller¹

¹Quantum Valley Ideas Laboratories, 485 Wes Graham Way, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 0A7, Canada.

Physical Review Letters

|May 1, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates all-optical radio frequency (RF) phase sensing using cesium Rydberg atoms. This method enables precise detection of RF phase shifts and detuning for advanced radar applications.

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Area of Science:

Atomic Physics
Quantum Optics
Sensing Technologies

Background:

Rydberg atoms show potential for radio frequency (RF) receivers.
Traditional Rydberg atom applications often require complex setups for phase sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate all-optical sensing of transient RF phase changes using Rydberg atoms.
To investigate the phase-to-amplitude conversion mechanism in cesium Rydberg systems.
To explore applications in radar for detecting Doppler shifts and target parameters.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a narrow-linewidth three-photon ladder excitation scheme in cesium atoms.
Employing a room temperature vapor cell for Rydberg atom preparation.
Analyzing probe laser transmission for transient responses to RF phase shifts.
Implementing phase shifts within RF pulses for radar simulations.

Main Results:

Achieved all-optical sensing of RF phase shifts without auxiliary fields.
Observed phase-to-amplitude conversion due to coherency disturbance.
Demonstrated that response amplitude and frequency correlate with RF detuning.
Successfully identified Doppler shifts in simulated radar signals.

Conclusions:

Cesium Rydberg atoms with specific excitation schemes enable direct, phase-sensitive RF detection.
This all-optical approach simplifies RF sensing and enhances radar capabilities.
The technique allows for simultaneous measurement of target position and velocity.