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Updated: May 3, 2026
Fabricating Highly Open Porous Microspheres HOPMs via Microfluidic Technology
Published on: May 16, 2022
HPLA-Alg core-shell microspheres enable dual-level BMP-2 delivery on porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds for sustained
Wei Ma1, Xinyue Zhang1, Jiajia Cen1
1School of Materials Science and Physics, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Abstract:
Efficient bone regeneration requires scaffolds that combine mechanical strength with controlled osteoinductive factor delivery. Here, we present a porous Ti6Al4V scaffold (PXTC4) functionalized with polydopamine and integrated with dual-level BMP2-PLA-Alg core-shell microspheres (BMP2-HPLA-Alg) for sustained BMP2 release. The PXTC4 scaffold exhibited high porosity (∼75%) and an elastic modulus (∼6.5 GPa) compatible with cortical bone, while the microspheres ensured heparin-mediated BMP2 adsorption, tunable degradation, and reduced initial burst release by 53.5% compared to the single-level BMP2-Alg microspheres. In vitro studies demonstrated enhanced MC3T3-E1 adhesion, proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, early osteogenic differentiation, and late-stage matrix mineralization. These results indicate that BMP2 synergizes with scaffold topography to create a favorable osteogenic microenvironment. This BMP2-HPLA-Alg microsphere-functionalized porous Ti6Al4V scaffold provides a robust platform with mechanical stability and sustained pro-osteogenic activity, offering a promising strategy for bone regeneration that warrants further in vivo investigation.
