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Comparative In Vitro Analysis of Five Starch Sources: Nutrient Release Patterns and Functional Effects in a Simulated
Siyu Yi1,2, Ting Chen2, Md Abul Kalam Azad2
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 4, 2026
Summary
Wheat and paddy show higher nutrient release and biological activity compared to other starch sources like corn and cassava. Wheat offers more dry matter, protein, and sugars, while paddy and cassava exhibit stronger metabolite-driven biological activity.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
- Metabolomics
Background:
- Starch sources like corn, paddy, wheat, sorghum, and cassava are staple energy providers.
- Understanding nutrient release and metabolite profiles is crucial for dietary assessments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate nutrient release patterns of five primary starch sources in a simulated gastrointestinal environment.
- To assess the in vitro biological activity of metabolites produced during digestion.
Main Methods:
- Simulated gastrointestinal digestion model.
- Analysis of dry matter and crude protein degradation.
- Quantification of free sugars and differential metabolites using chromatography and mass spectrometry.
- KEGG pathway analysis for metabolite functions.
Main Results:
- Wheat showed the highest dry matter and crude protein degradation.
- Wheat had higher total free sugar concentration; cassava had the highest D(-)-fructose.
- Paddy and cassava released distinct differential metabolites with potential biological activity.
- Cassava metabolites were significantly associated with the glucagon signaling pathway.
Conclusions:
- Wheat is superior in providing dry matter, protein, and sugars.
- Cassava's role in glycemic regulation is questionable; paddy and cassava show greater metabolite-driven biological activity.
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