Delayed Foreign Body Granuloma Following Sinus Augmentation With Deproteinized Bovine Bone: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Biomaterials Science
• Pathology

Background:

• Lateral sinus augmentation is a common procedure to increase bone height for dental implants.
• Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) is widely used as a bone graft material.
• Complications can arise, including infections and inflammatory reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report an uncommon case of granulomatous foreign body reaction after sinus augmentation with DBBM.
• To highlight the diagnostic challenges and importance of histopathological analysis.
• To emphasize the management and long-term outcomes.

Main Methods:

• A patient developed persistent postoperative complications after sinus augmentation with DBBM.
• Surgical exploration and histopathological analysis were performed.
• Treatment involved thorough debridement and a recovery period before implant placement.

Main Results:

• Histopathology revealed a noninfectious foreign body granuloma with multinucleated giant cells around DBBM particles.
• The patient's symptoms resolved after surgical debridement.
• Dental implant placement was successful 12 months post-debridement, with stable results at 30 months.

Conclusions:

• Foreign body reactions should be considered in persistent postoperative complications following sinus augmentation.
• Tissue biopsy and histopathological examination are crucial for accurate diagnosis of noninfectious inflammatory conditions.
• Surgical management can lead to successful outcomes even after significant complications.