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Robustness in Older Adults: A Concept Analysis Using Rodgers' Evolutionary Approach.

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Robustness in older adults is defined by multidimensional vitality, resilient stability, and functional autonomy. Understanding these factors enables personalized healthcare strategies beyond age-based approaches for improved health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Healthcare Science
  • Concept Analysis

Background:

  • The increasing population of healthy older adults highlights the need to understand individual differences in adaptability and health.
  • Robustness is a key concept but lacks a consistent definition across healthcare disciplines, requiring conceptual clarification.
  • Existing definitions are fragmented, hindering the development of standardized assessment and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an evolutionary concept analysis of robustness in older adults.
  • To clarify the definition, attributes, antecedents, and consequences of robustness.
  • To differentiate robustness from related concepts like successful aging and resilience.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across four major healthcare databases (PubMed, CINAHL Complete, EMBASE, Scopus) and Google Scholar.
  • Application of the evolutionary concept analysis method to identify key conceptual elements.
  • Extraction and analysis of data from 31 relevant studies, excluding gray literature.

Main Results:

  • Identified three core attributes of robustness: multidimensional vitality, resilient stability, and functional autonomy.
  • Determined antecedents including socioeconomic resources, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and social support networks.
  • Established consequences such as enhanced quality of life, reduced healthcare utilization, and decreased mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Robustness is a distinct concept, separate from successful aging, non-frailty, intrinsic capacity, and resilience.
  • Established conceptual boundaries for robustness provide a theoretical framework for measurement tool development and personalized interventions.
  • This analysis facilitates a shift towards individualized assessment and care strategies for older adults, moving beyond age-centric models.