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Decoding Metabolic Risk: A Comparative Study of Body Mass Index using World Health Organization Classification and
1Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
Indian Journal of Public Health
|May 5, 2026
Summary
Comparing body mass index (BMI) classifications, this study found differences in triglyceride and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels between WHO and Asian Indian Guidelines (AIG). Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) was significant with AIG.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Health
- Cardiovascular Risk Assessment
Background:
- Obesity is a significant risk factor for premature cardiovascular diseases and mortality.
- Understanding variations in body mass index (BMI) classifications is crucial for identifying at-risk populations.
- Different BMI guidelines may impact the assessment of metabolic health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the World Health Organization (WHO) and Asian Indian Guidelines (AIG) for BMI classification.
- To analyze the association between these BMI classifications and key biochemical metabolites (fasting blood sugar and lipid profile).
- To investigate potential gender-specific differences in these associations.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study included 150 healthy individuals aged 21-40.
- Exclusion criteria: chronic medical conditions and BMI <18.5 kg/m².
- Biochemical analysis was performed using an AGD 2020 clinical chemistry analyzer.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in triglyceride levels were observed between WHO and AIG classifications in both genders.
- Fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels showed significant differences in females based on BMI classification.
- Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) significance was attained only with the AIG classification.
Conclusions:
- The Asian Indian Guidelines (AIG) classification, alongside triglycerides (TGL) and FBS, identified VLDL as a relevant parameter in a healthy Indian population.
- Further research with larger cohorts is recommended to validate the AIG criteria for early metabolic syndrome detection in India.
- Comparative BMI assessments highlight the need for population-specific guidelines in metabolic health evaluation.
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