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Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
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Distress Intolerance Is Associated With Emotion Regulation Effort and Difficulty, But Not Success in Daily Life.

Angie M Gross1, Nathaniel S Eckland1, Renee J Thompson1

  • 1Washington University in St. Louis.

Behavior Therapy
|May 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Distress intolerance (DI) increases perceived effort and difficulty in emotion regulation (ER), but not its success. These effects persist even with negative affect and depression, suggesting DI amplifies regulation burdens.

Keywords:
depressiondistress intoleranceemotion regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Emotion Regulation

Background:

  • Distress intolerance (DI) is a transdiagnostic factor in psychopathology.
  • DI is theorized to impact mental health via emotion regulation (ER) processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically test the association between trait DI and ER processes.
  • To examine if momentary negative affect (NA) moderates the DI-ER link.

Main Methods:

  • 179 participants completed a 14-day experience sampling protocol.
  • Measures included trait DI, depression, momentary NA, and ER effort, difficulty, and success.
  • Multilevel models analyzed the data.

Main Results:

  • DI was associated with greater perceived ER effort and difficulty, but not success.
  • These associations remained significant after controlling for NA and depression.
  • The DI-ER effort link was stronger during high NA states.

Conclusions:

  • DI amplifies the perceived burden of emotion regulation (effort, difficulty) without impairing its perceived effectiveness.
  • Findings suggest DI influences appraisal of the ER process.