Vertically oriented 1D/3D heterojunction for efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show promise but face stability challenges.
• Conventional 1D perovskites exhibit poor carrier transport due to orientation issues.
• Improving charge transport and reducing interface defects are crucial for PSC efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a stable and efficient 1D/3D heterostructure perovskite solar cell.
• To enhance longitudinal carrier transport and minimize energy loss.
• To improve the operational durability of perovskite solar cells.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of 1D/3D heterostructure PSCs using a bilayer interface engineering strategy.
• Induction of vertically oriented 1D capping layers on 3D perovskite surfaces.
• Characterization of device performance, carrier dynamics, and stability under stress conditions.

Main Results:

• Achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 25.9% (26.0% certified).
• Minimized photovoltage deficit to 350 mV by tuning energy levels and reducing interface traps.
• Demonstrated excellent stability, retaining 83% and 86% efficiency after 500 and 1200 hours at 85 °C under illumination.

Conclusions:

• The vertically ordered 1D/3D heterojunction significantly enhances carrier lifetime and transport.
• Interface engineering strategy effectively reduces interface trap density and photovoltage deficit.
• The developed PSCs exhibit exceptional practical durability and high performance, suitable for commercial applications.