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IMPACT OF IMPLANT SURFACE ENGINEERING ON OSSEOINTEGRATION AND FUNCTIONAL STABILITY: A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY.

F AlKhayyat¹, I Farhood², E Al-Zubaidy³

¹1Prosthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Georgian Medical News

|May 10, 2026

Summary

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Engineered dental implant surfaces enhance osseointegration and stability. Surface-treated implants, especially bioactive-coated ones, show improved early stability and reduced bone loss compared to machined implants.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Dental Implantology
Osseointegration Research

Background:

Implant surface characteristics significantly influence osseointegration and long-term success in dental implant therapy.
While surface modifications show promise in animal studies, clinical data on functional stability remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To prospectively evaluate the impact of machined, sandblasted acid-etched (SLA), and bioactive coated implant surfaces on osseointegration and functional stability.
To compare the clinical outcomes of different dental implant surface modifications.

Main Methods:

A prospective study involving 60 dental implants in 40 patients, divided into machined, SLA, and bioactive coated groups (20 implants each).
Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measured implant stability at baseline, 3, and 6 months.

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Radiographic assessment of marginal bone loss (mBL) and clinical assessment after immediate loading were performed.

Main Results:

All implants achieved osseointegration without early failure.
Implant stability (ISQ) significantly increased over time in all groups.
Surface-modified implants (SLA and bioactive) demonstrated significantly higher stability and reduced marginal bone loss compared to machined implants, with bioactive showing superior results.

Conclusions:

Engineered implant surfaces are crucial for successful osseointegration and maintaining clinical function.
Surface-treated dental implants, particularly bioactive-coated ones, offer enhanced early stability and better marginal bone preservation than machined implants.