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Machines: Problem Solving I01:22

Machines: Problem Solving I

A toggle clamp is a mechanical device commonly used for holding and clamping objects in various applications, such as woodworking, metalworking, and assembly operations. Consider a toggle clamp subjected to a force of 200 N at the handle. The vertical clamping force can be calculated, provided the dimensions of the toggle clamp are known.
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A solution algorithm for calculating the preload of T-type clamp bolts based on multiphysics coupling.

Yuening Yang1, Yuhang Ou2, Rui Lin3

  • 1College of Electrical Engineering and New Energy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.

Plos One
|May 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study evaluates bolt preload in T-type clamps under live-working conditions. A multiphysics model accurately predicts preload, reducing errors by 11.41% compared to simpler methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Physics

Background:

  • Live-working in distribution networks involves current-carrying conductors.
  • Electric, magnetic, and thermal fields affect conductor contact pressure and fitting bolt preload.
  • Accurate bolt preload is crucial for the integrity of electrical connections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate bolt preload in T-type clamps under live-working conditions.
  • To investigate the influence of current on bolt preload.
  • To propose a multiphysics coupling approach for accurate preload determination.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of governing equations and boundary conditions based on elastic mechanics theory.
  • Establishment of an iterative coupled electro-magneto-thermal multiphysics model.
  • Finite element method (FEM) for solving preload equations.

Main Results:

  • The proposed multiphysics model accurately determines bolt preload in T-type clamps.
  • Experimental validation shows an average error of 5.82% compared to real-world data.
  • The method reduces average error by 11.41% compared to approaches neglecting multiphysics coupling.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multiphysics coupling approach provides accurate bolt preload evaluation for T-type clamps.
  • This method is essential for ensuring reliability in distribution networks during live-working.
  • The findings contribute to safer and more efficient electrical infrastructure maintenance.