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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
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Cancer Survival Analysis

Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Optimization of Breast Biopsy and Mastectomy Sample Collection Procedures for Biobanking, Personalized Medicine, and Research Applications
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Optimization of Breast Biopsy and Mastectomy Sample Collection Procedures for Biobanking, Personalized Medicine, and Research Applications

Published on: September 2, 2025

Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Risk Factors for Breast Cancer among Indian Women.

Jyothi G Seshadri1, Ruchika Garg2, Swetha Shivaram1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M. S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Journal of Mid-Life Health
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies key risk factors for breast cancer in Indian women, including lifestyle, reproductive, and sociodemographic elements. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective prevention and screening strategies.

Keywords:
Breast cancerIndian womenlifestyle risk factorsmeta-analysisreproductive risk factors

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Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
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09:36

Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats

Published on: October 16, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Indian women.
  • Lifestyle changes, reproductive patterns, and urbanization contribute to rising incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize risk factors associated with breast cancer in Indian women.
  • To identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for targeted prevention and screening.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of case-control studies published between January 2010 and April 2025.
  • Data extraction from 19 studies, pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated.
  • Heterogeneity assessed using I² statistics; publication bias evaluated with funnel plots and Egger's test.

Main Results:

  • Sociodemographic risks: unmarried status (OR=1.96), late marriage >21 years (OR=2.66).
  • Strong associations found with family history (OR=2.35), benign breast disease (OR=4.28), central obesity (OR=2.74), non-vegetarian diet (OR=1.62), tobacco use (OR=1.67), and high-fat diet (OR=4.20).
  • Reproductive factors like early menarche (OR=1.95), late menopause (OR=1.92), OCP use (OR=2.01), low parity (OR=1.52), previous abortions (OR=2.48), and short breastfeeding duration <6 months (OR=4.12) significantly increased risk.

Conclusions:

  • Modifiable risk factors offer critical opportunities for breast cancer prevention.
  • Women with non-modifiable risk factors require targeted screening and risk stratification.