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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II01:19

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors01:13

Gas Chromatography: Overview of Detectors

Detectors in gas chromatography (GC) help identify and quantify the components of a mixture by translating chemical properties into measurable signals, which are displayed on a chromatogram. Detectors can be categorized into two main types: destructive and non-destructive.
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Updated: May 22, 2026

Atom Probe Tomography Studies on the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Grain Boundaries
09:51

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Published on: April 22, 2013

Gepta-EX: a multi-channel germanium detector for X-ray absorption fine structure.

Abdul K Rumaiz1, Francesca Capocasa2, Anthony J Kuczewski1

  • 1NSLS II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|May 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed Gepta-EX, a novel germanium detector system for high-energy X-ray spectroscopy. This system offers superior energy resolution and efficiency for fluorescence-mode X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) applications.

Keywords:
EXAFSX-ray absorptiondetectorgermaniumspectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy
  • Detector Physics

Background:

  • High-energy fluorescence-mode X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) demands detectors with high stopping power and energy resolution.
  • Silicon detectors lack efficiency above 20 keV, while other high-Z materials are optimized for imaging, not spectroscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a compact, multi-channel high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector system for high-energy XAS.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing detectors for weak signal detection in XAS.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a monolithic seven-channel HPGe pixel array.
  • Integration with low-noise CUBE charge-sensitive preamplifiers.
  • Operation within a compact, thermally isolated cryostat near 90 K.

Main Results:

  • The Gepta-EX system demonstrated excellent energy resolutions: 218 eV at 5.9 keV and 373 eV at 59.5 keV.
  • Uniform performance was achieved across all seven channels.
  • The detector avoids escape peak interference common in silicon detectors.

Conclusions:

  • Gepta-EX provides stable, high-resolution performance for high-energy X-ray spectroscopy.
  • This HPGe detector system is a powerful new tool for fluorescence-mode XAS.
  • It enables more precise measurements of element-specific signals in challenging energy ranges.