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Related Concept Videos

The Hall Effect01:30

The Hall Effect

Edwin H. Hall, in the year 1879, devised an experiment that could be used to identify the polarity of the predominant charge carriers in a conducting material. From a historical perspective, this experiment was the first to demonstrate that the charge carriers in most metals are negative.
Magnetic Damping01:17

Magnetic Damping

Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...
Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
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Galvanometer01:24

Galvanometer

Common devices, including car instrument panels, battery chargers, and inexpensive electrical instruments, measure potential difference (voltage), current, or resistance using a d'Arsonval galvanometer. This electromechanical instrument is also known as a moving coil galvanometer.
The galvanometer consists of  two concave-shaped permanent magnets, providing a uniform radial magnetic field in the annular region. In the center, a pivoted coil of fine copper wire is placed in the uniform magnetic...

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Measuring the Hall Effect in Hysteretic Materials.

Jaime M Moya1, Anthony Voyemant2, Sudipta Chatterjee1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|May 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Extracting the Hall effect from hysteretic materials requires careful data processing to avoid artifacts. This study reviews and demonstrates methods for accurate Hall effect measurements in materials with complex magnetic behaviors.

Keywords:
Anomalous Hall effectAntisymmetrizationHall effectReverse‐magnetic‐field reciprocityTopological Hall effect

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Solid-state physics

Background:

  • Hall effect measurements are crucial for materials discovery and characterization.
  • Hysteretic materials present challenges in data processing due to non-reversible magnetic states.
  • Standard data processing methods can introduce artifacts mimicking anomalous or topological Hall effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the lack of a practical reference for extracting the Hall response in hysteretic materials.
  • To review and demonstrate reliable procedures for Hall effect extraction.
  • To highlight the potential for artificial signals from improper data processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 ${\rm Co}_3{\rm Sn}_2{\rm S}_2$ single crystals as a model system.
  • Reviewed and demonstrated reverse-magnetic-field reciprocity for Hall effect extraction.
  • Reviewed and demonstrated antisymmetrization with respect to applied field for Hall effect extraction.
  • Measured the Hall effect on CeCoGe 3 ${\rm CeCoGe}_3$ to demonstrate processing artifacts.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that incorrect antisymmetrization in hysteretic materials can create artifacts.
  • Showcased how improper processing on CeCoGe 3 ${\rm CeCoGe}_3$ can generate artificial anomalous Hall signals.
  • Validated two distinct procedures for accurate Hall effect extraction in hysteretic systems.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate Hall effect extraction is critical, especially in materials with complex magnetic hysteresis.
  • The reviewed methods are generic and applicable to a wide range of conductors.
  • Proper data processing is essential to avoid misinterpretation of Hall effect measurements.