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The Association Between "Weekend Warrior" Physical Activity Pattern and Neuropsychological Outcomes: A Systematic

Chen Hong¹, Jinglei Zhao¹, Jinrui Xue¹

¹School of Physical Education, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 27, 2026

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The "Weekend Warrior" (WW) physical activity (PA) pattern benefits brain health, reducing risks of neurodegenerative diseases and mental health issues. This pattern shows similar positive outcomes to regular exercise (RE) for cognitive function.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience and Public Health
Exercise Physiology and Mental Health

Background:

Physical inactivity is a significant global health concern, linked to neurodegenerative diseases and mental health disorders.
The "Weekend Warrior" (WW) physical activity (PA) pattern offers a time-efficient alternative for adults.
Limited research systematically compares the neuropsychological outcomes of WW, inactive (IA), and regular exercise (RE) patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and compare the associations of the WW pattern with neurodegenerative diseases, mental health conditions, and cognitive function.
To compare these outcomes with those linked to inactive (IA) and regular exercise (RE) patterns.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of major scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CNKI, Wanfang) up to October 2025.

Keywords:

cognitive function mental health neurodegenerative diseases neuropsychological outcomes physical activity weekend warrior

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Inclusion of 13 observational studies (5 cohort, 8 cross-sectional) involving adults.

Methodological quality assessment using AHRQ and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Main Results:

The WW pattern was inversely associated with risks of neurodegenerative diseases and mental health conditions.
WW pattern demonstrated enhanced cognitive function (CF), with associations comparable in magnitude to RE.
Majority of studies indicated positive neuropsychological outcomes for the WW pattern.

Conclusions:

The WW pattern is a viable, time-efficient strategy promoting positive neuropsychological outcomes, similar to RE.
Findings support the flexibility of PA guidelines, highlighting benefits of meeting volume recommendations, even condensed.
Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials and neurobiological mechanisms to confirm causality.