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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Published on: January 7, 2019

Oncolytic Viruses for Cancer Therapy in Dogs.

Daria O Neymysheva1,2, Galina V Ilyinskaya1,2, Viktoria A Sarkisova1,2,3

  • 1Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.

Viruses
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Oncolytic virotherapy shows promise for treating canine cancer, offering a new approach beyond traditional methods. Further research is needed to overcome challenges and improve effectiveness for dogs and potentially humans.

Keywords:
canine cancerimmunotherapyoncolytic virusveterinary oncologyvirotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Cancer is a leading cause of death in dogs, with conventional treatments often insufficient.
  • Oncolytic virotherapy, successful in humans, is a promising new strategy for veterinary oncology.
  • Existing treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have limitations in achieving long-term canine cancer remission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the current knowledge on oncolytic virus (OV) applications in canine cancer treatment.
  • To evaluate the mechanisms of action, safety, and clinical efficacy of various OV platforms in dogs.
  • To identify challenges and future directions for oncolytic virotherapy in veterinary oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies on oncolytic viruses in canine cancer.
  • Evaluation of diverse OV platforms including myxoma virus, reovirus, and adenoviruses.
  • Assessment of safety profiles, antitumor activity, and efficacy across various canine malignancies.

Main Results:

  • Several oncolytic viruses demonstrated good tolerability and some antitumor effects in canine cancer models.
  • Diverse OV platforms were investigated, showing potential for treating various canine cancers.
  • Preclinical and clinical data suggest oncolytic virotherapy is a viable emerging treatment for canine cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy presents a novel and promising therapeutic avenue for canine cancer.
  • Challenges such as pre-existing immunity and optimal dosing need to be addressed for broader application.
  • Canine cancer studies using oncolytic viruses have translational value for human oncology, highlighting the need for rigorous clinical trials.