Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026

The Modular Design and Production of an Intelligent Robot Based on a Closed-Loop Control Strategy
Published on: October 14, 2017
Development and implementation of a multifunctional mobile robot training kit in embedded control systems instruction
Herlin Setyawan1, Sukardi1, Risfendra1
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka, Air Tawar Barat, Padang Utara, Padang, Indonesia.
None:
The development of automation, robotics, and embedded intelligence in industry requires that vocational education graduates possess strong competencies in embedded control systems. This article presents the design, open-source documentation (electronic, electrical, mechanical, and assembly), and learning implementation of a multifunctional mobile robot training kit developed to support holistic learning of embedded systems and robotics. The main innovation lies in integrating conceptual and project-based learning within a single modular platform that supports smartphone-controlled robots and line and wall following applications. This device is equipped with structured modules and job sheets covering 14 practical topics, ranging from digital-analog input/output programming to implementation as learning projects. Empirical tests on the second generation showed a significant impact on improving students' knowledge, practical skills, and problem-solving abilities. The third generation was then implemented for one semester with 118 students. Evaluation using the Technology Acceptance Model, expanded to include self-confidence and intrinsic motivation, showed high acceptance and a positive influence on both constructs. Teacher assessments also showed excellent responses across product functionality, design, technical quality, ergonomics, and safety of use. These findings confirm the potential of training kits as an innovative and relevant learning medium for industry-based vocational education.
Related Concept Videos
Control Systems: Applications
In modern vehicles, control systems manage various functions to enhance performance and safety. The steering wheel and accelerator are primary inputs in a car's control system. The direction...
Control Systems
At the heart...
Electro-mechanical Systems
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
Mechanical Systems
Open and closed-loop control systems
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal and...
Machines: Problem Solving II
