Maxillofacial Trauma in Abuse Victims-A Narrative Review.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Sociology
• Forensic Medicine

Background:

• Domestic violence and abuse (DVA) encompasses physical, sexual, financial, and psychological harm within relationships.
• It is a global health and human rights issue, often underreported due to stigma.
• While historically focused on female victims, awareness of male intimate partner violence (IPV) victims is growing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the significance of DVA as a societal issue.
• To emphasize the need for enhanced awareness and screening among healthcare professionals.
• To alert policymakers to the severity of DVA.

Main Methods:

• Literature review examining the prevalence, nature of injuries, and contributing factors of DVA.
• Analysis of societal and individual factors contributing to IPV.
• Focus on oral and maxillofacial injuries resulting from IPV.

Main Results:

• DVA affects all demographics, with young to middle-aged males often as perpetrators.
• Common injuries include facial and oral/maxillofacial trauma.
• Factors like mental illness, substance abuse, unemployment, and low education contribute to IPV.

Conclusions:

• Effective identification and support for DVA victims require universal screening and tailored guidelines for healthcare professionals.
• Oral and maxillofacial surgeons play a crucial role in recognizing and assisting IPV victims.
• A comprehensive approach is vital, particularly in contexts like India.